Handling Flaky Tests

 The strategy for stability is a three-step process:

1. Prevention (Design): Use Explicit Waits (not sleep()) and ensure tests are atomic and independent.

2. Mitigation (Execution): Configure TestNG for automatic retries of failed tests and run in a consistent environment (like Docker).

3. Diagnosis (Analysis): Use screenshots and comprehensive logging (Log4j) on failure. For severe flakiness, quarantine the test and use video recording for root cause analysis.